西瓜果实的质地和品质取决于果肉的硬度。作为品质特质，果肉的硬度由多基因控制。确定西瓜果肉硬度的关键调控因素对西瓜遗传育种具有重要意义。本研究以硬皮野鸡种子西瓜PI186490为父本，以软皮栽培西瓜W1-1为母本，自交F 1获得了175个F 2代。。主要的基因控制中心肉的硬度的主要作图是通过散装隔离分析（BSA）-Seq分析和分子标记技术实现的。最后，主要基因在第2号染色体上的6,210,787和7,742,559 bp之间以及在第8号染色体上的207,553和403,137 bp之间的物理间隔中被定界。测量每个细胞壁成分和激素的含量，并在果实发育期间进行了比较转录组分析西瓜。测量了原果胶，纤维素，半纤维素，吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）和脱落酸（ABA）的含量，并在三个果实发育阶段进行了石蜡切片。结果表明，原果胶，纤维素和半纤维素对肉的硬度显示出相似的趋势，而IAA和ABA的浓度随着果实成熟而持续降低。石蜡切片显示，在每个发育阶段，PI186490细胞比W1-1细胞数量更多，包装更紧密，细胞壁边缘更清晰，细胞壁更厚。在W1-1和PI186490的果实发育和成熟过程中，对果肉的RNA样品进行了比较转录组分析。定位间隔转录组分析的结果表明，Cla016033（DUF579家族成员）可能影响细胞壁成分含量以调节西瓜果实的果肉硬度，在W1-1和PI186490中有所不同，而Cla012507（MADS-box转录）有所不同因子）可能参与果实成熟的调节并影响西瓜果实的硬度。石蜡切片显示，在每个发育阶段，PI186490细胞比W1-1细胞数量更多，包装更紧密，细胞壁边缘更清晰，细胞壁更厚。在W1-1和PI186490的果实发育和成熟过程中，对果肉的RNA样品进行了比较转录组分析。定位间隔转录组分析的结果表明，Cla016033（DUF579家族成员）可能影响细胞壁成分含量以调节西瓜果实的果肉硬度，而W1-1和PI186490有所不同，而Cla012507（MADS-box转录）有所不同因子）可能参与果实成熟的调节并影响西瓜果实的硬度。石蜡切片显示，在每个发育阶段，PI186490细胞比W1-1细胞数量更多，包装更紧密，细胞壁边缘更清晰，细胞壁更厚。在W1-1和PI186490的果实发育和成熟过程中，对果肉的RNA样品进行了比较转录组分析。定位间隔转录组分析的结果表明，Cla016033（DUF579家族成员）可能影响细胞壁成分含量以调节西瓜果实的果肉硬度，在W1-1和PI186490中有所不同，而Cla012507（MADS-box转录）有所不同因子）可能参与果实成熟的调节并影响西瓜果实的硬度。在每个发育阶段，细胞壁边缘都比W1-1细胞更清晰，细胞壁更厚。在W1-1和PI186490的果实发育和成熟过程中，对果肉的RNA样品进行了比较转录组分析。定位间隔转录组分析的结果表明，Cla016033（DUF579家族成员）可能影响细胞壁成分含量以调节西瓜果实的果肉硬度，在W1-1和PI186490中有所不同，而Cla012507（MADS-box转录）有所不同因子）可能参与果实成熟的调节并影响西瓜果实的硬度。在每个发育阶段，细胞壁边缘都比W1-1细胞更清晰，细胞壁更厚。在W1-1和PI186490的果实发育和成熟过程中，对果肉的RNA样品进行了比较转录组分析。定位间隔转录组分析的结果表明，Cla016033（DUF579家族成员）可能影响细胞壁成分含量以调节西瓜果实的果肉硬度，在W1-1和PI186490中有所不同，而Cla012507（MADS-box转录）有所不同因子）可能参与果实成熟的调节并影响西瓜果实的硬度。

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Linkage Mapping and Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Firmness in Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus).

Watermelon fruit texture and quality are determined by flesh firmness. As a quality trait, flesh firmness is controlled by multigenes. Defining the key regulatory factors of watermelon flesh firmness is of great significance for watermelon genetic breeding. In this study, the hard-flesh egusi seed watermelon PI186490 was used as the male parent, the soft-flesh cultivated watermelon W1-1 was used as the female parent, and 175 F2 generations were obtained from selfing F1. Primary mapping of the major genes controlling center flesh firmness was achieved by bulked-segregant analysis (BSA)-Seq analysis and molecular marker technology. Finally, major genes were delimited in the physical interval between 6,210,787 and 7,742,559 bp on chromosome 2 and between 207,553 and 403,137 bp on chromosome 8. The content of each cell wall component and hormone was measured, and comparative transcriptome analysis was performed during fruit development in watermelon. The protopectin, cellulose, hemicellulose, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) contents were measured, and paraffin sections were made during the three fruit developmental stages. The results revealed that protopectin, celluloses, and hemicelluloses exhibited similar trends for flesh firmness, while the IAA and ABA concentrations continued to decrease with fruit ripening. Paraffin sections showed that PI186490 cells were more numerous, were more tightly packed, had clearer cell wall edges and had thicker cell walls than W1-1 cells at every developmental stage. Comparative transcriptome analysis was conducted on RNA samples of flesh during fruit development and ripening in W1-1 and PI186490. The results from the localization interval transcriptome analysis showed that Cla016033 (DUF579 family member), which may influence the cell wall component contents to adjust the flesh firmness in watermelon fruit, was different in W1-1 and PI186490 and that Cla012507 (MADS-box transcription factor) may be involved in the regulation of fruit ripening and affect the hardness of watermelon fruit.